The biggest problem with using a finish nailer on cedar is that its cedar. Unlike almost any other wood you'll come across. It'll pull itself off almost any fastener you care to use, even small headed 'finish' screws.
Using a 15ga or 16ga on painted is OK, if you're shooting into something that takes and holds a nail well. I don't like stainless (for this part of the country), unless I have to because its a smooth shanked nail usually. I prefer a galv. coated nail. Once that sucker is in there, it ain't coming out without taking something with it.
Biggest problem is, you can do what you want to the shank of the nail, but cedar is just gonna pull itself off the head of the nail. As for 40d, that was all tongue in cheek.
We shoot only to tack, then glue and hand drive coated galv. box nails to help hold it on tightly while the glue dries. Once that glue sets, its not coming off.
We did a pole-barn conversion to a hunting lodge several years back. The owner had timber property with cedar on it, had it cut, milled, and kiln dried for us to use. Everything inside looks like a million bucks. All of the exterior trim looked like a scene out of the movie "Tobacco Road" within four months of finishing.
We had to reattach or remove and reattach every single piece of exterior trim on that project twice. The second time we glued it. Ten or more years later, still looks like the day it was installed.