Oil - Not From Dead Dinosaurs

wallmaxx

Saturn Moon.."large lakes on Titan contained liquid hydrocarbons and ethane."

So maybe planets and moons just naturally make this stuff. Unless of course there were dinosaurs on Saturn's moon.

We really have very little understanding of the mechanics of our universe. What a cool place to call home.

Link Here


NASA scientists said Wednesday they had found liquid on Saturn's moon Titan, only the second body in the solar system after Earth to have fluid on its surface. The groundbreaking discovery was made after analysis of instruments on the US-European Cassini probe, the spacecraft that has been orbiting Saturn since 2004 following a 3.5 billion-kilometer (2.2 billion miles) voyage.

NASA said in a statement that information from Cassini indicated that large lakes on Titan contained liquid hydrocarbons and ethane.

"This is the first observation that really pins down that Titan has a surface lake filled with liquid," said University of Arizona scientist Bob Brown, team leader of Cassini's visual and mapping instrument.

NASA said large dark areas on Titan's surface had been spotted during numerous close flybys of the moon. However until now it had not been possible to determine whether they were liquid or solids.

But scientists were able to conclude the areas were liquid after studying data from a Cassini instrument able to distinguish chemically different materials based on the way they absorb and reflect infrared light.

The visual and mapping instrument spotted a lake, Ontario Lacus, in Titan's south polar region during a flyby in December, NASA said. The lake is roughly 7,800 square miles, slightly bigger North America's Lake Ontario.

"Detection of liquid ethane confirms a long-held idea that lakes and seas filled with methane and ethane exist on Titan," said Larry Soderblom, a scientist with the US Geological Survey in Flagstaff, Arizona.

"The fact we could detect the ethane spectral signatures of the lake even when it was so dimly illuminated, and at a slanted viewing path through Titan's atmosphere, raises expectations for exciting future lake discoveries by our instrument."
Scientists ruled out the presence of water ice, ammonia, ammonia hydrate and carbon dioxide in Ontario Lacus.

The observations also suggest the lake is evaporating. It is ringed by a dark beach, where the black lake merges with the bright shoreline.
Launched in 1997, the Cassini-Huygens mission is the first devoted to the exploration of Saturn, and is a joint mission by NASA and the European Space Agency.

MALCO.New.York

I have ALWAYS said.......How the HEll did dead Dinosaur sludge reach 2 to 3 miles deep.......Never made any sense to me.

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mickeyco

Next thing you'll be telling us that smoking was not the reason they became extinct.

I find the story hard to believe, if Al Gore knows all this stuff about the future of the planet he surely would have known about this and told us. That is unless Al Gore is a fraud and we really don't know as much as we think about this world.

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MALCO.New.York

He MUST know!!!! They gave him a Nobel Prize.

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dougchips

You guys would love the Penn & Teller show when they go after Al Gore and the entire 'green movement'. Come to think of it, try to pick up a copy of last months Wired magazine they seem to have the same mission.

One note about the Penn & Teller show, their "expert weather man" is some old fart from the 1800's (I think they could of found a better expert). They did a nice job exposing some lady who owns a carbon credit company that drives around in a SUV.

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dougchips

Learn to use Power Point and you can have one too!

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mickeyco

Penn and Teller show here, it's in the P&R section.

The founder of the weather channel says Al (ride your bicycle while I travel in limos and jets) Gore is full of crap along with thousand of other scientists, but they're not making any money off the scam.

I hope everyone knows that the Noble Peace Prize is another scam, it's all about money and lobbying.


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neolitic

All petroleum is hydrocarbon,
not all hydrocarbons are petroleum.
Petroleum has nothing to do with
dinosaurs, it was formed hundreds
of millions of years before the
dinosaurs...or even terrestrial
plant life.

"Origin of crude oil » Formation process » From planktonic remains to kerogen

Although it is recognized that the original source of carbon and hydrogen was in the materials that made up the primordial Earth, it is generally accepted that these two elements have had to pass through an organic phase to be combined into the varied complex molecules recognized as crude oil. The organic material that is the source of most oil has probably been derived from single-celled planktonic (free-floating) plants, such as diatoms and blue-green algae, and single-celled planktonic animals, such as foraminifera, which live in aquatic environments of marine, brackish, or fresh water. Such simple organisms are known to have been abundant long before the Paleozoic Era, which began some 540,000,000 years ago.
(My note: This is loooong before the dinosaurs. )
Rapid burial of the remains of the single-celled planktonic plants and animals within fine-grained sediments effectively preserved them. This provided the organic materials, the so-called protopetroleum, for later diagenesis (i.e., the series of processes involving biological, chemical, and physical changes) into true petroleum.

The first, or immature, stage of petroleum formation is dominated by biological activity and chemical rearrangement, which convert organic matter to kerogen. This dark-coloured, insoluble product of bacterially altered plant and animal detritus is the source of most hydrocarbons generated in the later stages. During the first stage, biogenic methane is the only hydrocarbon generated in commercial quantities. The production of biogenic methane gas is part of the process of decomposition of organic matter carried out by anaerobic microorganisms (those capable of living in the absence of free oxygen).
Origin of crude oil » Formation process » From kerogen to petroleum

Deeper burial by continuing sedimentation, increasing temperatures, and advancing geologic age result in the mature stage of petroleum formation, during which the full range of petroleum compounds is produced from kerogen and other precursors by thermal degradation and cracking (the process by which heavy hydrocarbon molecules are broken up into lighter molecules). Depending on the amount and type of organic matter, oil generation occurs during the mature stage at depths of about 760 to 4,880 metres (2,500 to 16,000 feet) at temperatures between 65° and 150° C. This special environment is called the “oil window.” In areas of higher than normal geothermal gradient (increase in temperature with depth), the oil window exists at shallower depths in younger sediments but is narrower. Maximum oil generation occurs from depths of 2,000 to 2,900 metres. Below 2,900 metres primarily wet gas, a type of gas containing liquid hydrocarbons known as natural gas liquids, is formed.

Approximately 90 percent of the organic material in sedimentary source rocks is dispersed kerogen. Its composition varies, consisting as it does of a range of residual materials whose basic molecular structure takes the form of stacked sheets of aromatic hydrocarbon rings in which atoms of sulfur, oxygen, and nitrogen also occur. Attached to the ends of the rings are various hydrocarbon compounds, including normal paraffin chains. The mild heating of the kerogen in the oil window of a source rock over long periods of time results in the cracking of the kerogen molecules and the release of the attached paraffin chains. Further heating, perhaps assisted by the catalytic effect of clay minerals in the source rock matrix, may then produce soluble bitumen compounds, followed by the various saturated and unsaturated hydrocarbons, asphaltenes, and others of the thousands of hydrocarbon compounds that make up crude oil mixtures.

At the end of the mature stage, below about 4,880 metres, depending on the geothermal gradient, kerogen becomes condensed in structure and chemically stable. In this environment, crude oil is no longer stable and the main hydrocarbon product is dry thermal methane gas.
Origin of crude oil » The geologic environment » Origin in source beds

Knowing the maximum temperature reached by a potential source rock during its geologic history helps in estimating the maturity of the organic material contained within it. Also, this information may indicate whether a region is gas-prone, oil-prone, both, or neither. The techniques employed to assess the maturity of potential source rocks in core samples include measuring the degree of darkening of fossil pollen grains and the colour changes in conodont fossils. In addition, geochemical evaluations can be made of mineralogical changes that were also induced by fluctuating paleotemperatures. In general, there appears to be a progressive evolution of crude oil characteristics from geologically younger, heavier, darker, more aromatic crudes to older, lighter, paler, more paraffinic types. There are, however, many exceptions to this rule, especially in regions with high geothermal gradients.

Accumulations of petroleum are usually found in relatively coarse-grained, permeable, and porous sedimentary reservoir rocks that contain little, if any, insoluble organic matter. It is unlikely that the vast quantities of oil now present in some reservoir rocks could have been generated from material of which no trace remains. Therefore, the site where commercial amounts of oil originated apparently is not always identical to the location at which they are ultimately discovered.

Oil is believed to have been generated in significant volumes only in fine-grained sedimentary rocks (usually clays, shales, or clastic carbonates) by geothermal action on kerogen, leaving an insoluble organic residue in the source rock. The release of oil from the solid particles of kerogen and its movement in the narrow pores and capillaries of the source rock is termed primary migration.

Accumulating sediments can provide energy to the migration system. Primary migration may be initiated during compaction as a result of the pressure of overlying sediments. Continued burial causes clay to become dehydrated by the removal of water molecules that were loosely combined with the clay minerals. With increasing temperature, the newly generated hydrocarbons may become sufficiently mobile to leave the source beds in solution, suspension, or emulsion with the water being expelled from the compacting molecular lattices of the clay minerals. The hydrocarbon molecules would compose only a very small part of the migrating fluids, a few hundred parts per million."

Source: Encyclopedia Brittanica

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pfloyd

I heard a few years ago that the biggest source of hydrocarbons is actually dead plankton that accumulates on the sea floor.A few million years of that and a moving seabed, OIL.

wallmaxx

The only reason I chose dinosaurs was that THAT'S WHAT WAS BEING TAUGHT IN SCHOOL BACK IN 1980.

Don't you just hate being fed wrong info all the time. 10 years from now...what we know today will be all wrong I guess.

So how do the Britannica guys square with Shell who drilled so deep in SD that the oil they pulled out had NO BIOLOGICAL component to it? I'm not an oil expert...but I am a thinker. Alot of what they say is logical based speculation...but since they are the same type of "experts" who say things like "The 2nd Law of Thermodynamics states that all matter slows and cools to its surrounding state"...and yet now the astonomers are saying that the universe is actually accelerating. ????



I've seen the molecular chains...oil is just a more complex set of carbon hydrogen sulfer oxygen and whatever else molucules than found in more simple ethane.

I think we know w-a-y less about some of these things than we think we do. Let's find it - get it - use it and all the while look to other things to provide energy for our lives.

So when is Exxon going to fund deep space exploration? Drillin on another planet shouldn't piss off too many greenies.

MALCO.New.York

Yeah! And Betsy Ross actually sewed the First American Flag.

And GW had wooden teeth.

And Someone said " I can not tell a lie, I cut down the Cherry Tree."

Ad Infinitum.

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HellisLikeNewrk

The best book on the theory of abiotic oil, the theory that petroleum products is actually formed in the upper mantle, is by the late Thomas Gold. The book is called: Deep Hot Biosphere, the Myth of Fossil Fuels. Gold lays out a number of reason why crude oil and coal are not formed from life that used to reside in the oceans or on land.

oldrivers

I dont catch them much but I did like the one they did on wallmart. About time someone spoke up.